Hydraulic shovels



Sept. 22, 1964 G. GUINOT HYDRAULIC SHOVELS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 15, 1963 G. GUINOT HYDRAULIC SHOVELS Sept. 22, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 15, 1963 r 3,149,737 Ice Patented Sept. 22,, 1964' 3,149,737 HYDRAULIC SHOVELS v Gabriel Gnin'ot, Le Ple'ssis Belle'ville, ()ise, France, assign'or to Socit 'Anonyme Poclain, Le Plessis-Belleville, France, a'corporation of Frame Filed May 15, 1963, Ser. No. 280,507 Claims priority, application France May 17, 1962 2 Claims. (Cl. 214-138) Hydraulic shovels mainly comprise a frame or chassis which can usually move over the ground, a turret being pivoted to the chassis and bearing the shovel elements. In some constructions, the shovel elements are mounted directly on the chassis and so the latter must be appropriately orientated for shovel operation.

The elements of a hydraulic shovel mainly comprise a jib, boom or the like articulated to the chassis or to the turret around a first horizontal axis or pivot, and a balance beam articulated to the other end of the jib or boom or the like around a second axis or pivot parallel with the first axis or pivot. At the end remote from the end articulated to the jib or boom or the like, the balance beam bears a scoop, bucket or the like for performing the work. As a rule, the scoop, bucket or the like operates only in the vertical plane passing through the axis of the jib, boom or the like, but the bucket is sometimes required to operate with an offset working, i.e., outside such vertical plane.

Various systems for offset working have been suggested. In some constructions, the offset working position is either permanent or is reached via a complicated adjustment and so cannot be altered while the shovel is in operation. Other systems provide an adjustable offset, but the axis of articulation of the balance beam on the jib, boom or the like cannot be kept horizontal and parallel with the pivoting axis of the jib, boom or the like on the frame or turret. The bucket, scoop or the like does not therefore swing around horizontal axessomething which is a serious disadvantage.

It is an object of the present invention to provide improvements in or relating to hydraulic shovels of the kind specified which will ensure that, whatever the tool offset may be, the aforesaid two horizontal articulation axes are maintained parallel with one another.

According to the invention, the jib or boom or the like is formed by two terminal portions articulated to an intermediate portion, the respective axes of articulation to the intermediate portion being substantially perpendicular to the plane bounded by the two horizontal articulation axes of the balance beam to the jib or boom or the like and of the latter to the machine frame or turret.

According to a further and very advantageous feature of the invention, the jib intermediate portion is formed by two equally long parallel rods or bars or the like articulated respectively to each of the jib end portions to form a deformable parallelogram operable by a hydraulic actuator. Preferably, the hydraulic actuator is connected at one end to the jib terminal portion articulated to the machine frame or turret and at its other end to one of the parallel rods or bars or the like of the jib intermediate portion.

The two horizontal articulation axes previously referred to are therefore kept parallel with one another and the tool operates under identical conditions at any offset position. v

For a better understanding of the invention and of various features and of the advantages which the invention provides, one particular embodiment thereof will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevation of a hydraulic shovel according to the invention, and

FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the shovel illustrated in FIGURE 1.

Referring to these drawings, a hydraulic shovel cornprises a chassis or frame 1 which is preferably self-propelled and on which a pivoted turret 2 is mounted. The jib, boom or the like of the. turret comprises two terminal portions 34, 3b; the portion 3a of which is articulated to the turret 2 around a pivot 4 and has its movement controlled by a hydraulic actuator 5. A balance beam 8 is articulated to the jib terminal portion 3b around a horizontal pivot 7 parallel with the pivot or axis 4. The balance beam 8 can be moved in a known manner through the agency of an actuator 9 articulated to the jib end portion 3b, and a tool 10 is mounted at the end of the balance beam 8 for pivoting around an axis or pivot 11 parallel with the axis or pivot 7. The tool 10 is operated through the agency of an actuator 12 borne by the balance beam 8.

The two terminal portions 3a, 3b of the jib are interconnected by means which can be deformed in order that the pivots or axes 4 and 7 may remain parallel with one another. For this purpose two parallel rods or bars or the like 13, 14 of equal length are articulated at each of their ends to the portion 3a and to the portion 311 respectively around respective pivots 15-18 perpendicular to the plane bounded by the two horizontal pivots or axes 4, 7. In other words, the terminal portion 33b of the jib is connected to the terminal portion 3a by way of a link parallelogram. A hydraulic actuator 19 is articulated to the jib portion 3a around an axis or pivot 20 parallel with the axes or pivots 15, 16. The piston of the actuator 19 is articulated around the pivot 21 to one of the rods or bars or the like 13, 14 which form the deformable parallelogram.

The shovel operates as follows:

To make a cut in a direction parallel with an arrow A, as shown in FIGURE 2, the machine chassis 1 is preferably arranged parallel with the direction A while the turret 2 is skewed on the chassis 1 so that the jib part 3a takes up a position in a vertical plane parallel to the direction A. By means of the actuator 19, the parallelogram formed by the bars or rods or the like 13, 14 is deformed to bring the balance beam 8 into the chain-line position in the drawings. The tool 10 then operates in known manner, the balance-beam pivot 7 extending horizontally and parallel with the jib pivot 4. When the tool 10 has been loaded, the jib assembly is raised by the actuator 5 andthe parallelogram 13, 14 is distorted by the actuator 19 to bring all the elements into the solid-line position in the drawings. The balance beam 8 is then operated by the actuator 9 for the tool 10 to discharge its contents into a waiting vehicle. The operations are performed in reverse order to bring the apparatus into the chain-line position in the drawings.

During these various movements, the jib portion 3b always moves in translation in the plane bounded by the pivots 4 and 7 so that the pivot or axis 7 always stays parallel with the pivot or axis 4.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment hereinbefore described but may be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim: 7

l. Hydraulic shovel for use inter alia for oflset working, comprising: a supporting frame; a boom having one end pivotally connected to said frame for rotation about a first horizontal axis; and a balance beam pivotally connected to the other end of said boom for rotation about a second horizontal axis which is parallel with said first axis; said boom comprising a pair of terminal portions and an intermediate portion connected therebetween; said intermediate portion comprising a pair of equally long parallel bars and a hydraulic actuator each of which bars and actuator have one of their ends pivotally connected to one of said terminal portions of said boom, the other ends of said bars being pivotally connected to the other of said terminal portions and the other end of said actuator being pivotally connected to one of said bars; all of said pivotal connections ofsaid bars and said actuator being for rotation about axes which are substantially perpendicular to the plane bounded by said two horizontal axes.

2. A hydraulic shovel as recited in claim 1 wherein: said one of said bars comprises a lateral extension to which is pivotally connected said other end of said actuator; the locations of said pivotal connections of said actuator being such that it remains substantially parallel to said bars.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,273,869 Joy July 30, 1918 2,007,905 Osgood July 9, 1935 2,689,719 Baldwin Sept. 21, 1954 3,027,026 Couquet Mar. 27, 1962 FOREIGN PATENTS 556,535 Italy Feb. 6, 1957 

1. HYDRAULIC SHOVEL FOR USE INTER ALIA FOR OFFSET WORKING, COMPRISING: A SUPPORTING FRAME; A BOOM HAVING ONE END PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO SAID FRAME FOR ROTATION ABOUT A FIRST HORIZONTAL AXIS; AND A BALANCE BEAM PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO THE OTHER END OF SAID BOOM FOR ROTATION ABOUT A SECOND HORIZONTAL AXIS WHICH IS PARALLEL WITH SAID FIRST AXIS; SAID BOOM COMPRISING A PAIR OF TERMINAL PORTIONS AND AN INTERMEDIATE PORTION CONNECTED THEREBETWEEN; SAID INTERMEDIATE PORTION COMPRISING A PAIR OF EQUALLY LONG PARALLEL BARS AND A HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR EACH OF WHICH BARS AND ACTUATOR HAVE ONE OF THEIR ENDS PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO ONE OF SAID TERMINAL PORTIONS OF SAID BOOM, THE OTHER ENDS OF SAID BARS BEING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO THE OTHER OF SAID TERMINAL PORTIONS AND THE OTHER END OF SAID ACTUATOR BEING PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO ONE OF SAID BARS; ALL OF SAID PIVOTAL CONNECTIONS OF SAID BARS AND SAID ACTUATOR BEING FOR ROTATION ABOUT AXES WHICH ARE SUBSTANTIALLY PERPENDICULAR TO THE PLANE BOUNDED BY SAID TWO HORIZONTAL AXES. 